Avoid, Adopt, Adapt: Positions on GenAI in Canadian Writing Centres
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31468/dwr.1139Keywords:
generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), environmental scan, writing centre, policy, academic socializationAbstract
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools are transforming academic writing support in higher education, but student- and public-facing messaging from Canadian universities, and subsequently their writing centres, has been slow and inconsistent (Cheatle, 2025; Marcel & Kang, 2024; UNESCO, 2024). In the summer of 2024, two writing centre advisors conducted an environmental scan of writing centre websites and publicly available materials related to messages about GenAI literacy support. Documents were collected and assessed for 1) a “statement” or “policy” on GenAI use and assistance in the writing centre and 2) a stance toward using GenAI for writing, which we categorized broadly as able to assist with GenAI writing concerns (i.e., adopt) or disavowing use or assistance in the writing centre (i.e., avoid). Environmental scans facilitate discovery of opportunities and threats during times of change in the interest of making decisions and plans for the future. Our scan provides a snapshot of how writing centres, as well as the institutions they operate within, are positioning themselves within the current GenAI post-secondary landscape. This article contextualizes results within the current post-secondary landscape and offers recommendations and implications for the conceptualization of writing centre work.
References
Aguilar, F. (1967). Scanning the business environment. Macmillan.
Aikens, K, & Wielden, H. (2025). Generative AI tutor education in our writing center: A slow approach.
The Peer Review, 9(1). https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issues/issue-9-1/generative-ai-tutor-
education-in-our-writing-center-a-slow-approach/
AI Task Force. (2025). Toward an AI-ready university.
https://www.utoronto.ca/sites/default/ciles/2025-
/AI%20Task%20Force_Main%20Report_2.pdf
Alonso, J. (2025, June 17). Amid AI plagiarism, more professors turn to handwritten work. Inside
Higher Ed.
https://www.insidehighered.com/news/faculty-issues/curriculum/2025/06/17/amid-ai-
plagiarism-more-professors-turn-handwritten-work
Anderson, T. (2015). Seeking internationalization: The state of Canadian higher education. Canadian
Journal of Higher Education 45(3). 166–187. https://doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v45i4.184690
Barrett, A., Pack, A. (2023). Not quite eye to A.I.: student and teacher perspectives on the use of
generative articicial intelligence in the writing process. International Journal of Educational
Technology in Higher Education, 20(59). 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023 -00427-0
Bartholomae, D. (1986). Inventing the university. Journal of Basic Writing, 5(1), 4–23.
https://doi.org/10.37514/jbw-j.1986.5.1.02
Bermingham, C. (2023a, May 1). ChatGPT snapshot: University of Waterloo. CWCR/ACCR Blog.
https://cwcaaccr.com/2023/05/01/chatgpt-snapshot-university-of-waterloo/
Bermingham, C. (2023b, August 30). Productive and ethical: Guiding student writers in a GenAI world
(Part 1 of 2). CWCR/ACCR Blog. https://cwcaaccr.com/2023/08/30/productive-and-ethical-
guiding-student-writers-in-a-genai-world-part-1-of-2/
Bromley, P. (2017). Locating Canadian writing centres: An empirical investigation. Canadian Journal
for Studies in Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie, 27. 24–41.
https://doi.org/10.31468/cjsdwr.578
Brooks, J. (1991). Minimalist tutoring: Making the student do all the work. Writing Lab Newsletter,
(6), 1–4.
Bruffee, K. (1984). Peer tutoring and the “conversation of mankind.” College English, 46, 635–652.
Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie
Volume 35, 2025
Bryan, M. D. (2024). Bringing AI to the center: What historical writing center software discourse can
teach us about responses to articicial intelligence-based writing tools. The Proceedings of the
Annual Computers and Writing Conference, 2023. 15–26. https://doi.org/10.37514/pcw-
b.2024.2296.2.02
Bukowski, N., & Brueggemann, B. J. (2019). Writing center research and disability theory. Theories
and Methods of Writing Center Studies, 68–78. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429198755-
/WRITING-CENTER-RESEARCH-DISABILITY-THEORY-NOAH-BUKOWSKI-BRENDA-JO-
BRUEGGEMANN
Camarillo, E. C. (2019). Burn the house down: Deconstructing the writing center as cozy home. The
Peer Review, 3(1). https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issues/redecining-welcome/burn-the-house-
down-deconstructing-the-writing-center-as-cozy-home/
Casal, J.E., & Kessler, M. (2023). Can linguists distinguish between ChatGPT/AI and human writing? A
study of research ethics and academic publishing. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 2(3), 1–
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmal.2023.100068
Castner, J. (2000). The asynchronous, online writing session: A two-way stab in the dark? In James A.
Inman and Donna Sewell (Eds.) Taking Flight with OWLs: Examining Electronic Writing Center
Work (pp. 119–128). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410602121
Chan, C. K. Y. (2025). Students’ perceptions of ‘AI-giarism’: Investigating changes in understandings
of academic misconduct. Education and Information Technology, 30. 8087–8108.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13151-7
Cheatle, J. M. (2025, March 7). TPR AI Special Issue Introduction: No escaping GenAI: Confronting a
new writing center reality. The Peer Review, 9(2). https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issue-9-
/introduction/
Choo, W. C. (2003). The art of scanning the environment. In J. Voros (Ed.), Reframing Environmental
Scanning: A Reader on the Art of Scanning the Environment (pp. 7–18). AFI Monograph Series.
Cohen, B. (May 23, 2025). They were every student’s worst nightmare. Now blue books are back. Wall
Street Journal.
https://www.wsj.com/business/chatgpt-ai-cheating-college-blue-books-
e3014a6?reclink=desktopwebshare_permalink
Costa, J. (1995). An empirically-based review of the concept of environmental scanning. International
Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(7). 4–9.
https://doi.org/10.1108/09596119510101877
Canadian Writing Centres Association / association canadienne des centres de redaction. (2023,
January 8). CWCA/ACCR Statement on corporate, automated, online tutoring tools.
https://cwcaaccr.com/statement-on-corporate-automated-online-tutoring-tools/
Canadian Writing Centres Association / association canadienne des centres de redaction. (2025, June
. CWCA/ACCR Statement on precarity & writing support programming.
https://cwcaaccr.com/statement-on-precarity-writing-support-programming/
Dea, S. (2024, December 2). Supporting students in the age of GenAI. University Affairs.
https://universityaffairs.ca/opinion/supporting-students-in-the-age-of-genai/
Deans, T., Praver, N., & Solod, A. (2024, February 26). AI in the writing center: Small steps and
scenarios. Another Word. https://dept.writing.wisc.edu/blog/ai-wc/
Denny, H. (2010). Queering the writing center. Writing Center Journal, 30(1), 95–124
https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1659
Denny, H., Nordlof, J., & Salem, L. (2018). “Tell me exactly what it was that I was doing that was so
bad”: Understanding the needs and expectations of working-class students in writing centers. The
Writing Center Journal, 37(1), 67–100. https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1866
Eaton, S. E. (2023). The academic integrity technological arms race and its impact on learning,
teaching, and assessment. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 48(2).
https://doi.org/10.21432/cjlt28388
Eckstein, G. (2016). Grammar correction in the writing centre: Expectations and experiences of
monolingual and multilingual writers. Canadian Modern Language Review, 72(3), 360–382.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.3605
Essid, J., & Cummins, C. (2025, March 6). A future for writing centers? Generative AI and what
students are saying. The Peer Review, 9(2). https://thepeerreview-iwca.org/issue-9-2/a-future-
for-writing-centers-generative-ai-and-what-students-are-saying/
Garcı́a, R. (2017). Unmaking Gringo-Centers. The Writing Center Journal, 36(1), 29–60.
https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1814
Hamerman, E.J., Aggarwal, A. and Martins, C. (2025). An investigation of generative AI in the
classroom and its implications for university policy. Quality Assurance in Education, 33(2), 253-
https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-08-2024-0149
Harris, B. and Brooker, J. (2025). Environmental scanning: A look to the future. New Directions in
Evaluation, 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/ev.20633
Hicks, M.T., Humphries, J. & Slater, J. (2024). ChatGPT is bullshit. Ethics and Information
Technology, 26(38). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-024-09775-5
Hotson, B. (2023, March 27). Writing centres and ChatGPT: And then all at once. CWCR/ACCR Blog.
https://cwcaaccr.com/2023/03/27/writing-centres-and-chatgpt-then-all-at-once/
Johnson, G. P. (2023). Don’t act like you forgot:
Approaching another literacy “crisis” by
(re)considering what we know about teaching writing with and through technologies. Composition
Studies, 51(1), 169–175.
https://compstudiesjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/johnson.pdf
Johnston, H., Eaton, M., Henry, I., Deeley, E.-M., & Parsons, B. N. (2025). Discovering how students use
generative articicial intelligence tools for academic writing purposes. Journal of Learning
Development in Higher Education, 34. https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi34.1301
Kaliterna, M., Zz uljević, M. F., Ursić, L., Krka, J., & Duplančić , D. (2024). Testing the capacity of Bard and
ChatGPT for writing essays on ethical dilemmas: A cross-sectional study. Scienti^ic Reports, 14(1),
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77576-3
Kumar, R., & Mindzak, M. (2024). Who wrote this? Canadian Perspectives on Academic Integrity, 7(1).
https://doi.org/10.55016/ojs/cpai.v7i1.77675
Lin, Z. (2025). Techniques for supercharging academic writing with generative AI. Nature Biomedical
Engineering, 9, 426–431. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-024-01185-8
Lindberg, N. (2025). We should promote GenAI writing tools for linguistic equity. Writing Center
Journal, 43(1). https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.2078
Malik, A. R., Pratiwi, Y., Andajani, K., Numertayasa, I. W., Suharti, S., Darwis, A., & Marzuki (2023).
Exploring articicial intelligence in academic essay: Higher education student’s perspective.
International Journal of Educational Research Open, 5, 1–11.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2023.100296
Marcel, F. & Kang, P. (2024). Examining AI guidelines in Canadian universities: Implications on
academic integrity in academic writing. Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie, 34, 93–126.
https://doi.org/10.31468/dwr.1051
Marche, S. (2022, December 16). Will ChatGPT kill the student essay? TheAtlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2022/12/chatgpt-ai-writing-college-
student-essays/672371/
Marken, L. (2023, April 19). ChatGPT snapshot: University of Saskatchewan. CWCR/ACCR Blog.
https://cwcaaccr.com/2023/04/19/chatgpt-snapshot-university-of-saskatchewan/
McDonald, N., Johri, A., Ali, A., & Collier, A. H. (2025). Generative articicial intelligence in higher
education: Evidence from an analysis of institutional policies and guidelines. Computers in Human
Behavior: Arti^icial Humans, 3, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbah.2025.100121
McNally, D., & Kooyman, B. (2017). Drawing the line: Views from academic staff and skills advisors on
acceptable proofreading with low prociciency writers. Journal of Academic Language and Learning,
(1), A145–A158. https://journal.aall.org.au/index.php/jall/article/view/472
MLA-CCCC Joint Task Force on Writing and AI (2023). MLA-CCCC joint task force on writing and AI
working paper: Overview of the issues, statement of principles, and recommendations.
https://aiandwriting.hcommons.org/working-paper-1/
Moorhouse, B. L., Yeo, M. A., & Wan, Y. (2023). Generative AI tools and assessment: Guidelines of the
world’s top-ranking universities. Computers and Education Open, 5, 1–10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2023.100151
Moussu, L. (2013). Let’s talk! ESL students’ needs and writing centre philosophy. TESL Canada
Journal, 30(2), 55–68. https://teslcanadajournal.ca/index.php/tesl/article/view/1142/968
Nicolas, M. (2023, November 14). Eliminate the required cirst-year writing course (opinion). Inside
Higher Ed. https://www.insidehighered.com/opinion/views/2023/11/14/eliminate-required-
cirst-year-writing-course-opinion
North, S. M. (1984). The idea of a writing center. College English, 46(5), 433–446.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/377047
Perkins, M. (2023). Academic integrity considerations of AI Large Language Models in the post-
pandemic era: ChatGPT and beyond. (2023). Journal of University Teaching and Learning
Practice, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.53761/1.20.02.07
Riyeff, J. (2024, June 27). Gen AI and the problem of (dis)trusting students. Inside Higher Ed.
https://www.insidehighered.com/opinion/views/2024/06/27/gen-ai-and-problem-
distrusting-students-opinion
Sabatino, L., & Herb, M. M. (2021). Turf wars, culture clashes, and a room of one’s own: A survey of
centers located in libraries. Praxis, 18(2). https://www.praxisuwc.com/182-sabatino-herb
Salem, L. (2016). Decisions… decisions: Who chooses to use the writing center? The Writing Center
Journal, 35(2), 147–171. https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1806
Tai, A. M. Y., Meyer, M., Varidel, M., Prodan, A., Vogel, M., Iorcino, F., & Krausz, R. M. (2023). Exploring
the potential and limitations of ChatGPT for academic peer-reviewed writing: Addressing linguistic injustice and ethical concerns. Journal of Academic Language and Learning, 17(1), T16-
T30. https://journal.aall.org.au/index.php/jall/article/view/903
Terry, O. K. (2023, May 12). I’m a student. You have no idea how much we’re using ChatGPT. The
Chronicle of Higher Education. https://www.chronicle.com/article/im-a-student-you-have-no-
idea-how-much-were-using-chatgpt
Thonus, T. (1993). Tutors as teachers: Assisting ESL/EFL students in the writing center. The Writing
Center Journal, 13(2), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1269
Towle, B. (2024). Accidental outreach and happenstance stafcing: A cross-institutional study of
writing center support of cirst-generation college students. The Writing Center Journal, 41(3). 72 –
https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1000
UNESCO. (2024, September 18). UNESCO survey: Less than 10% of schools and universities have formal guidance on AI.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Gillian Lisa Saunders, Natalie Boldt

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
If this article is selected for publication in Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie, the work shall be published electronically under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA 4.0). This license allows users to adapt and build upon the published work, but requires them to attribute the original publication and license their derivative works under the same terms. There is no fee required for submission or publication. Authors retain unrestricted copyright and all publishing rights, and are permitted to deposit all versions of their paper in an institutional or subject repository.